Primary Background Material
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Intermountain West Climate Dashboard (Western Water Assessment)
EDDI in the Media
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This week's unholy mix of drought, wind, and fire in Southern California
(Yale Climate Connections, 2025) -
California 'atmospheric thirst' is drying out the state. Map shows where 'flash drought' is developing
(San Francisco Chronicle, 2024) -
Louisiana's 2023 water crisis examined
(LSU College of the Coast and Environment, 2024) -
Historic West Virginia drought takes another turn for the worst; rain outlook bleak
(WOAY-TV, 2024) -
Weather pattern lining up for flash drought development
(WOAY-TV, 2024) -
Featured maps and data: Using EDDI as a flash drought indicator
(NIDIS Dry Times, 2024) -
Colorado poised for cool, wet fall after summer return to drought conditions, climatologist projects
(Colorado Politics, 2023) -
Study finds regional and demographic increases of respiratory mortality during drought
(Drought.gov, 2023) -
Wet, then dry extremes contributed to devastating Marshall Fire in Colorado
(Climate.gov, 2022) -
The Marshall Fire: Historic firestorm illustrates some of the ways NOAA responds when disaster strikes
(NOAA Boulder, 2022) -
Are our Sierra Nevada towns destined to go down in flames?
(Sierra Nevada Ally, 2022) -
'Flash droughts' can dry out soil in weeks. New research shows what they look like in Australia
(The Conversation, 2021) -
Hot days continue to impact much of KELOLAND
(KELO, 2021) -
Drier springs bring hotter summers in the withering Southwest
(Inside Climate News, 2021) -
Have you heard the term "flash drought?" What exactly does that mean?
(Weather5280, 2020) -
Flash droughts are a new type of extreme weather event
(Massive Science, 2020) -
Improving fire risk management with drought early warning information in California and Nevada
(NIDIS Dry Times, 2019) -
EDDI, a new drought index, provides early warning of flash droughts
(EcoPress, 2018) -
A Wyoming Reservation Shows the New Face of Drought
(Scientific American, 2018) -
A slow disaster scorched Wyo. No one saw it come or go
(E&E News, 2018) -
New NOAA tool is helping to predict U.S. droughts, global famine
(NOAA Research News, 2017) -
New tool effectively identifies both rapid-onset and sustained droughts
(PSL News, 2016)
EDDI Development
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Hobbins, M. T., A. Wood, D. J. McEvoy, J. L .Huntington, C. Morton, M. Anderson, and C. Hain ( 2016): The Evaporative Demand Drought Index: Part I – Linking drought evolution to variations in evaporative demand. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 17(6):745-1761, doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0121.1.
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McEvoy, D. J., J. L. Huntington, M. T. Hobbins, A. Wood, C. Morton, M. Anderson, and C. Hain ( 2016): The Evaporative Demand Drought Index: Part II – CONUS-wide assessment against common drought indicators. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 17(6):1763-1779, doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0122.1.
EDDI-Related
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Dewes, C. F., I. Rangwala, J. J. Barsugli, M. T. Hobbins, and S. Kumar (2017): Drought risk assessment under climate change is sensitive to methodological choices for the estimation of evaporative demand. PLoS ONE, 12(3):e0174045, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174045.
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McNeeley, S. M., C. F. Dewes, C. J. Stiles, T. A. Beeton, I. Rangwala, M. T. Hobbins, and C. L. Knutson (2017): Anatomy of an interrupted irrigation season: Micro-drought at the Wind River Indian Reservation. Climate Risk Management, 19:61-82, doi: 10.1016/j.crm.2017.09.004.
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Shrum, T., W. Travis, T. Williams, and E. Lih (2018): Managing climate risks on the ranch with limited drought information. Climate Risk Management, 20:11-26, doi: 10.1016/j.crm.2018.01.002.
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McEvoy, D. J., M. T. Hobbins, T. J. Brown, K. A. VanderMolen, T. U. Wall, J. L. Huntington, and M. D. Svoboda (2019): Establishing relationships between drought and wildfire danger indices: A test case for the California-Nevada Drought Early Warning System. Climate, 7(52), doi: 10.3390/cli7040052.
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McEvoy, D. J., D. W. Pierce, J. F. Kalansky, D. R. Cayan, and J. T. Abatzoglou (2020): Projected changes in reference evapotranspiration in California and Nevada: Implications for drought and wildland fire danger. Earth's Future, 8(11):e2020EF001736, doi: 10.1029/2020EF001736.
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Pendergrass, A. G., G. A. Meehl, R. S. Pulwarty, M. T. Hobbins, A. Hoell, A. AghaKouchak, C. J. W. Bonfils, A. J. E. Gallant, M. Hoerling, D. Hoffmann, L. Kaatz, F. Lehner, D. Llewellyn, P. Mote, R. B. Neale, J. T. Overpeck, A. Sheffield, K. Stahl, M. D. Svoboda, M. C. Wheeler, A. W. Wood, and C. A. Woodhouse (2020): Flash droughts present a new challenge for subseasonal-to-seasonal prediction. Nature Climate Change, 10:191-199, doi: 10.1038/s41558-020-0709-0.
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Hoffmann, D., A. Gallant, and M. T. Hobbins (2021): Flash drought in CMIP5 models. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 22:1439–1454, doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-20-0262.1.
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Parker, T., A. Gallant, M. T. Hobbins, and D. Hoffmann (2021): Flash drought in Australia and its relationship to evaporative demand. Environmental Research Letters, 16(6):064033, doi: 110.1088/1748-9326/abfe2c.
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Abadi, A., Y. Gwon, M. Gribble, J. Berman, R. Bilotta, M. T. Hobbins, and J. Bell (2022): Drought and all-cause mortality risk in Nebraska from 1980 to 2014: Time-series analyses by age, sex, race, urbanicity and temporality of drought. Science of the Total Environment, 840:156660, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156660.
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Hobbins, M. T., T. Jansma, D. P. Sarmiento, A. McNally, T. Magadzire, H. Jayanthi, W. Turner, A. Hoell, G. Husak, G. B. Senay, O. Boiko, M. Budde, P. Mogane, and C. F. Dewes (2023): A global, long-term, daily reanalysis of reference evapotranspiration for drought and food-security monitoring. Scientific Data, 10:746, doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-02648-4.